Agriculture - Past, Present and Future
Agriculture is a main discipline of plant science and a very broad term. It can be defined in hundreds of ways, for example,
An art, a science & business as well of raising crops and rearing of animals through exploiting the natural resources (soil & climate) with the coordination of socio economic infrastructure to meet the fundamental necessities of life, i.e. food, feed, fibre and shelter.
Another definition is
Agriculture is the cultivation of soil, management of soil and all farm operations carried out from sowing to harvesting of crops and rearing of animals at the farm.
Agriculture can never be abandoned in any part of the world because there is no survival of mankind without the food production through agriculture. And not only food production but also there are so we are depending on agriculture for medicine, exports, cotton, leather and wool products, nutrition, meat, woods and straw for construction, timber and other purposes and numerous application in many of the fields of our daily life. Agriculture is also an important part of economy of Pakistan and accounts for 21% of GDPour country and there is no way, we can deny the importance of agriculture in Pakistan.
Divisions of Agriculture
On the farm, the agriculturists divide the agriculture into two major divisions;
1. Crop Husbandry � deals with the various aspects of crops from seed sowing, on field and off-field operations, harvesting, threshing, storage and marketing of the products. It can be further divided into the following main sub-divisions;
Horticulture, Crop Production and Forestry (these sub-divisions further have many branches by themselves).
2. Animal Husbandry � related to the livestock (poultry and cattle), their management and getting products from them. It can be divided into in the following fields;
Dairy farming (cattle and buffalo), Livestock (cattle, horses, sheep, goats etc.), Fish culture, Apiculture (honey- bees) and Sericulture(silk-worms).
Similarly there are other branches like mushroom production and urban agriculture.
Present and Future of Agriculture
In the present times, the agriculture is not just limited to the classical agricultural ideas and techniques rather it is open to new innovation and modern technologies, which has revolutionized the concept of agriculture itself and has re-launched agriculture as an enterprise in the modern world where agriculture is not just limited to the villages. It has expanded into the densely populated metropolitans with the concepts like �kitchen gardening� �urban agriculture� and �landscaping in architecture�.
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