technology in agriculture

INTRODUCTION Citrus are the fruits belonging to the Rutacease family and mostly from the genus Citrus which are usually mix of sweet and acidic fruits. They are widely cultivated fruits in the world with areas under cultivation and production increasing greatly from 2000 - 2010. Citrus is ranked world number 2 1st in Pakistan w.r.t its area and production among fruits. There is a huge demand from both the fresh and processed oranges by the consumer. Citrus varieties PRODUCTION STATS According to FAO, Brazil is the largest producer of citrus in the world, followed by China and USA, data for Pakistan is not available. In Pakistan, it is cultivated its 95% area of cultivation is in Punjab because of favorable temperature and environmental conditions and the total production according to approx. 1.8  annually on an estimated area of 194,000 ha with the per acre yield standing at 4.6 tons. IMPORTANCE AND USES a)  S weet orange, mandarin and grapefruit are eaten fresh or processed f...

In horticulture, a fruit is defined as the ripened ovary produced from the ovary of the carpel. So many of the species considered as vegetables so far in our daily life; they are regarded as 'fruits' in horticulture. And the production of fruits in farms and orchards is called Pomology . Pomology is an art as well as science. In Pakistan the overall fruit production around the calender is enough to fulfill nutrition requirements of the population, most of the highest quality fruit produced is exported. And the fruits of Pakistan origin are very much popular around the globe for their taste. The following table enlists almost all of the fruits (horticulture) being produced and cultivated throughout Pakistan. Table: List of Fruits of Pakistan  (in alphabetical sequence of Plant Families) Sr. no. FAMILY FRUITS 01 ANACARDIACEAE- sumac family 1.        Mango 2.       Cashew nut 02 ANNONACEAE - custard apple family 3.    ...

INTRODUCTION The European grape ( Vitis vinifera ) is the most important species of the family  Vitaceae. Two other commercial species are  V.labrusca  and  V.rotundifolia .   Biological Classification Kingdom Plantae Division Magnoliophyta Class Magnoliopsida Order Vitales Family Vitaceae Genus Vitis Species V. vinifera -----------------------------------------------------------  OUTLINE OF THE TOPIC           a)  Introduction        b)  Importance        c)  Grapes in Pakistan        d)  Botany        e)  Environmental Effects        f)  Soil and Climate        g)  Propagation        h)  Cultural Practices        i)  Reference -----------------------------------------------------------   IMPORTANCE   Worldwide...