technology in agriculture

Fungi and fungi like organisms (FLOs) such as Pythium and Phytophthora collectively cause more diseases in the plants then do rest of the pathogen as a whole. More than 10,000 species of the fungi and FLOs are known to be pathogen to plants . The diseases caused by the fungi are so numerous and widespread that they are found all over the world and throughout all the seasons. Cercospora leaf spots of Bauhinia variegata   Symptom is defined as the changes brought about in the plant as a result of interaction of the plant, the pathogen and prevailing environmental conditions. Sign , compared with symptom, is the pathogen seen on the host plant. Symptoms caused by fungal pathogens mainly differ from the symptoms by rest of the pathogens. These symptoms can be broadly categorized as following depending upon the processes involved in the appearance of disease symptoms on the host. Necrotic Symptoms Abnormal growth and development of plant tissues Other Symptoms 1. NECROTIC SYMPTOMS T...

Diseases in plants can be caused by a number of pathogens and almost all plant species. Therefore, it is difficult to classify plant disease based on one factor only. So p lant diseases can be classified in many ways based on the factors involved in the disease inciting (viz., susceptible host, parasite and environment). Plant diseases can be classified as; Leaf yellowing of Malvastrum sp. (viral disease) i) On the basis of Causal Organisms For example,  Diseases caused by bacteria, Diseases caused by viruses, Diseases caused by mollicutes, Diseases caused by fungi ii) On the basis of the Type of Plants For example; Cereal crop diseases, Diseases of fruit crops, Diseases of vegetable crops, Diseases of ornamental plants iii) On the basis of their Symptoms For example; Rusts, Smuts, Powdery Mildews, Downy Mildews, Leaf blights, Vascular wilts, Damping off, Leaf blights iv) On the basis of their Occurrence a) Endemic Diseases The disease which is present in more or less constantly...

Disease is simply defined as the going away of the normal condition of health. In plants, disease is associated with a set of symptoms of the disease and sometimes there are associated signs of the disease.  Many authors have tried to define disease in plants and they have defined it differently. But disease can be defined in a comprehensive manner as;  Disease Triangle of Plant Pathology " Disease is a malfunctioning and complex phenomenon which is caused by the interaction of host, parasite and environment. " In any kind of disease the result is the damage caused to the economic product of the plant and plant scientists are concerned to prevent this damage. Host is the plant to which a particular pathogen attacks, where as pathogen is any disease causing organism. Environment is perhaps the most important factor which helps the pathogen to cause symptoms on the diseased plant. This particular relationship is called  Disease Triangle.   Some scientists are of th...

INTRODUCTION   This article emphasises on the classification of the Fungi and Fungi-like organisms (FLOs) into phyla of a single kingdom Fungi. But the approach here is different from others; since the focus will b on the classification of fungi as well as the diseases caused by each group. Here you will get to know about the type of spore, sporangia and fruiting body as well as major diseases and the pathogens of the diseases. At the end there is a glossary of a few terms is added to help clear some of the concepts regarding growth habitat.  KINGDOM FUNGI Fungi are small, generally microscopic, eukaryotic, usually filamentous, branched, spore-bearing organisms that lack chlorophyll. Fungi have cell walls that contain chitin and glucans (but no cellulose) as their skeletal components.   ----------------------------------------------------------- OUTLINE OF THE TOPIC        a)  Introduction     b)  Phylum Chytridiomycota   ...