technology in agriculture

Cotton ( Gossypium arboreum  L./ G.  hirsutum  L.)is the most important fiber crop grown globally. Cotton provides raw material for the textile industry. Cotton is the name derived from Arabic  Al-qutn . In botanical terms, cotton is the soft, fluffy staple  fibre  that is produced around the seed in the protective boll of genus  Gossypium.  The  fibre  is botanically meant for the dispersal of seed. The fibre is almost pure cellulose.  HISTORY 1. The cultivation of cotton has been reported as old as 5000 BC in the western Pakistan, for example, the Mehrgarh excavation showed cotton fibres preserved in copper beads. The cultivation then spread in the Indus Valley Civilization.  2. Evidences about the cultivation of cotton in Iran (pre-islamic Persia) also exists which dates back to almost 5th Millenium BC. From these regions, the cotton was taken to the Europe and other continents.  3. By the end of 16th century BC, cotton...

INTRODUCTION Cowpea (  ????? ) is one of the most important legumes being cultivated in the semi-arid and sub-humid tropics for its grain and fodder purposes. Among all the legumes, cowpea has much tolerance to drought, it is a warm weather crop and hence well adapted to dry regions. So, its world production and acreage has increased dramatically in the last 25 years. In Pakistan, it is grown mainly as Kharif crop, with sorghum and millet intercropping.  Black-eyed Pea NOMENCLATURE Vernacular Names:  Cowpea, Southern pea (USA), Blacke-eyed pea (Common), Crowder pea (USA), Lobia (Pakistan, India), Rawan (Pakistan),  other local names in different world countries include fiebe, coupe and so on.  Technical Name:   Vigna unguiculata  (L.) Walp. (It also has many synonyms but this name is more commonly used.) BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION Kingdom Plantae Division Magnoliophyta Class Magnoliopsida Order Fabales Family Fabaceae Genus Vigna Species V.  ...